Researches on Ptolemy's Geography of Eastern Asia (Further India and Indo-Malay Archipelago)

The present work elucidates an ancient text and department of historical geography which will prove of some retrospective value of the study of historic, linguistic ethnologic and geographic aspects of the countries it deals with. Mindful, moreover of the maxim that geography is the eye of history and vice versa, as Carlyle has somewhere pointed out, that history should always go hand with geography, not a few sidelights, often form hitherto unpublished and even unknown sources, have been supplied to obscure periods of the countries treated, in so far as fell within the scope of the present work. Hence it is hoped that on this ground alone the study of the Ptolemaic Geography of Further India will become indispensable to orient lists. Though the volume is mainly devoted to Further India and the Indo-Malay Archipelago, albeit the Tables cover a far wider field including China and Central Asia.

1. Introduction
2. Calculations : mathematical rectification of Ptolemy's Further-Indian Geography

The Airrhadoi
Triglypton or Trilingon, the capital of a kingdom
Tugma, a metropolis
Pentapolis
Katabeda River

The term Argyra
Barakura, a mart
Tokosanna River
Sambra, a city
Sados River, and Sada, a city
Berabonna, a mart
Temala River
Temala, a city

The Zamirai
The Dabasai
Arisabion
Adeisaga

Khryse and its location
Mareura or Malthura, a metropolis

The Besyngeitai
Sabara, a city
Besynga River
Besynga, a mart

The Golden Khersonese
Berabai, a city
Takola, a mart
Kokkonagara, an inland town
Khrysoana River
Palanda, an inland town, and Palandas River
Tharrha, an inland town
Sabana, a mart
Cape Maleu Kolon
Attaba River
Koli, a town
Perimula
Perimulik Gulf, Head of (Addendum)
Balongka, an inland town

The Doanai
Doanas River
Rhingiberi, a city
Lariagara, a town
Lasippa or Lasyppa
Dasana or Doana, a town
Bareukora, Bareuaora, or Bareuathra, a city

The Lestai
Samarade or Samarande, a town
Pagrasa
Sobanos or Sobanas River
Pithonobaste, a mart
Akadra, a town
Zabai or Zaba, the city
Great Cape, where the Great Gulf begins

The Great Gulf (Magnus Sinus) and its ancient inhabitants
Thagora
Balonga, a metropolis
Throana
Doana River, mouth
Kortatha, a metropolis
Pagrasa
Dorias River
Aganagara
Sinda, a town
The Indoi
The Kudutai
The Barrhai
Seros River
End of the Great Gulf towards the Sinai

Bazakata Island and the Aginnatai
Chronological nomenclature of the Andaman - Nikobar Archipelago
Khaline or Saline Island
Agathodaimonos Island
Maniolai, ten island
Location of the Andamans and Nikobars according to Arabic and Chinese notions

Barusai, five islands
Sabadeibai, three islands
Sindai, three islands

Isbadiu or Sabadiu, an island

1. The Chinese Evidence
   Outline history of Malayu as a topographical and ethnical term
   Retrospective survey of the onomatology and outline history of the 'Insular' She-p'o and conjoint States on the Malay Peninsula, from Chinese sources
2. The Arabic Evidence
3. Location of Zabej
4. Ptolemy's Iabadiu
   Outline history of the Palembang kingdom
   Linguistical remarks on the term Java and derived or cognate forms
   Linguistical remarks on the term Sumatra
   Chronological onomatology of Sumatra City and Island since the foundation of Sumatra City
   Argyre, the capital of Iabadiu or Sabadiu
   Outline sketch of Achinese onomatology and history (second to seventeenth century A.D.)
   D. Great Anambas or Siantan Group

   Islands of the Satyrs

1. On the Seven Seas of India and Further India
2. On Indo-Chinese Terms in the Ptolemaic Geography of extra-Gangetic India
3. On the date to which Ptolemy's information on Further India is a to be refered

IV. Addenda and Corrigenda

V. Appendix of Additional Notes
VI. Indices

1. Stations west of the Meridian of Kamberikhon
2. Stations between the Meridians of Kamberikhon and Cape Temala
3. Stations between the Meridians of Cape Temala and Cape Takola
4. Stations between the Meridians of Cape Takola and Akadra
5. Stations east of the Meridian of Akadra
6. Eastern coast of India
7. Islands in the Gulf of Bengal
8. Mountains
9. Rivers
10. Ptolemy's names of Regions, Peoples, and Tribes
11. Trade-routes and Travellers' Tracks brought to light from an examination of Ptolemy's Eastern Geography

1. Map in elucidation of Ptolemy's Geography of Further India and Central Asia
2. Synoptical Map of the early Greek and Latin, Indu, Arabic, and Chinese knowledge of Indo-China and the Indo-Malay Archipelago

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